The history of documenting and publishing early records of the Yakut epic monuments (second half of the 19th – early 20th century)

Surprisingly rich in content, fantastically grand in composition of heroes, distinguished  by the beauty and richness of artistic and visual means and admirable for the uniqueness of the songs,  the Yakut heroic epic today, undoubtedly, has taken its rightful place among the epic creativity of other  peoples of the world. The fact that the Yakuts love a good song was noted by the first researchers  of the olonkho. The people tried to transmit their art from generation to generation orally. However, today  it is impossible to take into account how many ancient, archaic olonkho history could not preserve. The  article studies the history, features of collection, publications and scientific research of early records  of epic monuments of the Yakuts, recorded in the period from the second half of the 19th to the beginning  of the 20th centuries. The issue of preserving the Yakut archaic epics is still of interest from science.  Objective of the research: to study the history of collection, to trace the evolution and formation of  documentations and publications of early records of epic monuments of the Yakuts in the period from  the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century. To achieve the goal, specific tasks must  be solved: systematization according to the time sequence of publications with early olonkho records;  analysis of early documentation experiences; tracing the stages of formation and evolution of subsequent  early records of olonkho; a preliminary attempt to compile the motif pool of early olonkho records.  As a result, the publications in which the early olonkho records were published were systematized  according to the temporal sequence, the experiments of the first fixations, the scholarly study of the early  olonkho texts were studied. The scholarly novelty is determined by a preliminary generalization of the  features of the work of researchers, a brief analysis of some documentations, identification of differences  and definition of evolutions, an attempt to compile a motivational fund of early olonkho texts.  

The results obtained (collected from various sources and systematized according to the temporal  sequence of early olonkho records; certain features of the first documentation and publications;  identifying the theme, content, plot composition, figurative system and compiling a preliminary  motivational fund of early olonkho texts; specific degrees of significance of research by individual authors)  will become an important source for further scientific study of olonkho, may lead to the identification  of new concepts, problems and trends in the development of folklore studies in the light of modern  achievements of epic studies.

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