The contribution of Alexei Kulakovsky to the development of the temperance movement in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The study of the contribution of Alexei Kulakovsky – a thinker, scholar, founder of Yakut literature, public figure, educator – to the development of the temperance movement in Yakutia has important theoretical and practical significance. Alcoholization of the population of Yakutia began in 1632, from the moment of Yakutia's voluntary entry into Russia. To study the temperance movement in Yakutia, we distinguish three periods: the first period from 1632 to 1885; the second period from 1885 to 1917; the third period from 1970 to the present.

The article, based on the study of scholarly literature related to the history of the temperance movement in Yakutia, reveals for the first time the contribution of the founder of Yakut literature to the temperance movement in pre-revolutionary times, highlights the history of the temperance movement until 2022.

Purpose of the article: 1) to consider how the problem of soldering the peoples of Yakutia and the harmful effects of alcohol is revealed in the poem "Arygy" ("Werewolf"); the letter of the "Yakut intelligentsia" by Alexei Kulakovsky; 2) To reveal the role and significance of the poet, thinker in the development of the teetotal movement in Yakutia, for which to highlight the history of the movement from the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century to our time.

The article emphasizes the leading place of Alexei Kulakovsky in the first sobriety society, created with progressive people, the first intellectuals P. K. Sokolnikov, I. N. Basharin, Egasov and others in the village of Churapcha of Boturussky ulus in 1904. The activities of I. E. Serguchev, the first sobriologist of Yakutia of the Soviet period, as well as the activities of temperance organizations and the National University are revealed a sober healthy lifestyle in the modern period.

The article uses a comparative method of analyzing the creativity of Alexei Kulakovsky with the scholarly data of sobriology. Specific conclusions are given, which are set out in the conclusion.

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