The medical theme in Russian literature is presented very widely and diversely, which determines the relevance and novelty of this work. The aim of the study is to examine the features of the presentation of medical topics in Russian literature throughout its development, starting with Old Russian literature and ending with the literature of the 20^th–21st centuries. For this purpose, the comparative method and the method of analyzing artistic texts at the level of motive-figurative organization were used. As a result of the conducted research, the author came to the following conclusions. In Old Russian literature, the medical theme always has a religious character: illness is considered a punishment for sins or a test of the faith of the sick person. In the classic literature of the 18th century (A. Kantemir, D. Fonvizin), the image of a charlatan doctor who "treats" the same ignorant patients is presented. This is also connected with the peculiarities of the low genres in which this theme appears. In the 19th century in the literature of realism, the medical theme is widely spread due to its presentation from two points of view: the doctor and the patient. Attention is paid to both physical and mental illnesses. Some authors (N. Gogol) continue the tradition of humorous or satirical depictions of doctors and patients, while others (A. Herzen, L. Tolstoy, A. Chekhov) examine the change in the worldview of a doctor, who goes from an enthusiastic idealist to a greedy philistine. Most of the authors pay attention to the dramatic description of patients suffering from one or another illness, which also acts as a symbol of the illness of the whole society. In the 20th century, writers (M. Bulgakov, M. Zoshchenko, V. Shalamov) focus the reader's attention on the medical description of the disease, the hard work and emotional experiences of doctors, alternating it with the point of view of a patient suffering from one or another disease and changing his worldview because of this.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the prose of Hajimurat Akkaev, the study of one of the problems of the poetics of his work, explicated in the aesthetic categories of the comic and tragic. The works are built on the synthesis of heterogeneous genre elements, primarily dating back to folklore forms. The problematic of the work consists in the need to introduce the Akkaev’s works into scientific circulation, as well as in the consideration of the categories of the tragic and comic in the prose of the Balkar writer. The goal is to analyze the collection of stories "Red Rock", to identify stable genre-forming features (size, structure, artistic techniques, language and theme of the works). As a result, the stylistic and compositional features of the texts and their motive structure are determined: small volume, conciseness of the narrative, concentration of attention on one event, a limited number of characters, artistic techniques - pointe, absurd dialogue, use of colloquialisms, vulgarisms. The influence of drama is seen in the overall tragic tension of the stories "Kyzyl Kaya" ("Red Rock"), "Kanly Tang" ("Bloody Morning"), "Dert" ("Revenge"). The tragedy is built on an insoluble conflict that leads to the death of the hero, and sometimes other characters. The "laughter element" in the stories is realized through the creation of a whole complex of comic images and situations. The dominant forms of the comic are humor, irony – determining the intonation, the general emotional mood in the text space.

The famous Khakass writer Nikolai Yegorovich Tinikov belongs to the generation of writers who actively and fruitfully worked in the 1960s–1980s, whose work still has no monographic research. The main purpose of the study is to identify the features of the artistic reflection of the Great Patriotic War theme in the Tinikov’s novel “The living do not die”, which has not previously become the material of a special literary study. The novelty of the work is due to the fact that the artistic features of the novel “The living do not die” are considered for the first time in the light of the lists of works of Soviet literature devoted to the theme of the Great Patriotic War, as well as the relevance of fostering a sense of patriotism among the modern younger generation. The tasks, aimed at considering the problematic-thematic and artisticaesthetic originality of the Tinikov’s novel, are solved based on the use of historical, cultural, structural, descriptive, and biographical research methods. The analysis of the novel revealed the artistic features of understanding the theme of the Great Patriotic War. The method of comparing biographical facts known from the Tinikov’s archival materials, stored in the Manuscript Fund of the Khakass Research Institute for Language, Literature, and History, with the text of the work testifies to the autobiographical nature of the novel “The living do not die”. With the help of the motif of the characters’ memories, space and time expand in the story; the events of the war years at the front and in the rear are narrated. The author turns to psychological techniques to convey the inner emotional and sensual state of the characters, to the creative development of folklore and ethnographic traditions and the use of artistic means in order to deepen the idea of the work, to reveal the image of a strong and willed hero -a former soldier, now a rural worker. The prospects of the research are related to the fact that its results may be in demand when analyzing other Tinikov’s novels in particular and a comprehensive study of the writer’s work in general, as well as the study of general trends in the development of the genre of a Khakass novel.

The article is devoted to the analysis of poetics in two poetry collections by Mikhail Gronas: “Dear Orphans” and “A Brief History of Attention”. Particular attention is paid to internal rhyme and repetition as poetic and meaning-forming units. The study is based on a linguapoetic analysis based on the structure of the text, rhythmic and intonational organization and principles of minimalism. Internal rhyme and repetition are considered as methods of semantic and rhythmic condensation, formation of visual and auditory perception of the text. The connection of the techniques with the poetic movement from collective existential utterance to the intonation of personal attention, contemplation and silence is revealed.

The article describes the detection of typological similarities at the thematic, figurative, motivic and ideological levels of the text between the daines, traditional for the Baltic folk versification, and the poems by Jurgis Baltrušaitis from the collection “Earthly Steps” with the same poetic size. The purpose of the article is to detect a semantic halo between the groups of works under consideration, determined by the author's biography. Structuralism was chosen as the method of the study, based on the claims that a literary work consists of several levels of structure, each level has its own autonomous laws, and some more general laws apply at all levels and link them together. As a result of the study, a semantic halo was found at all of the above levels. In the future, similar studies are possible to detect semantic halos that come from different poetic traditions, as well as to discover the relationship between biography and creativity at the level of metre.