People's writer of Yakutia Vasily Nazarovich Egorov – Tumarcha had an interesting fate,  full of amazing events, about which he told in his autobiographical work "The Spirit of the Ancestors" ("Obuge tyyna"), consisting of two books: "Ozhuluntsy" ("Oduluunnar", 2010) and “The Decree of Rock” (“Khalbas Harata”, 2015). As for his creative work, it has not been studied enough yet. The monograph by Vinokurov reveals the life path, views and social activities of the writer. Modern criticism also has a number of anniversary articles, reviews and memoirs that contain fair judgments about the significance of the writer's work, about his contribution to the development of the industrial theme in the national literature. Much attention is paid to the author's journalistic works, which touch upon the problems of the national economy, education and culture. However, there are almost no works devoted to the analysis of the writer's own skill, the principles of creating artistic images, style and language. Our task is to try to fill this gap and on the material of Tumarcha's works of art, primarily the novels "The Cursed Stone", "Rise", "The Thread of Life", to reveal his skill as an artist of the word.

   A. E. Kulakovsky (1877-1926) – the founder of Yakut literature, standing on a par with outstanding representatives of other peoples, passionaries who left their indelible mark in the history of their people – during his lifetime became the focus of the spiritual life of the Yakuts. The people called him yryahy" (‘singer’), since the Yakuts did not have the concept of "poet". He was the first poet who expressed in an artistic word the value-semantic concepts of Yakut mentality, the whole system of values and the completeness of the worldview of his native people.

   Kulakovsky's poetry has been the subject of discussion since the very appearance of his first poems, and on the pages of newspapers and magazines, novice critics of the nascent Yakut literature conducted heated debates about the works of the first poet. However, this difficult period of formation of Yakut criticism became the initial stage of understanding and evaluating the work of the founder of Yakut literature. Researchers of Kulakovsky's work have repeatedly touched upon the issue of periodization of the attitude of criticism to his work, noting the fact that the history of criticism about Kulakovsky is an important part of the history of Yakut literature. The article focuses on the initial stage of the development of criticism.

   A comparative analysis of the Russian and Yakut translated texts of fairy tales by the German writer Wilhelm Hauff was carried out: the translations into Russian by Kasatkina and Tatarinova, as well as translations into the Yakut language by Pavlov – Tyasyt (1937), Vinokurov–Chagylgan (1938), and Efremova–Snegir (2022). Previously, translations of children's fiction into the Yakut language were not subjected to special research: little has been written about them. Translations of the Hauff's fairy tales "Kyrachaan Muuk" (Pavlov – Tyasyt), "Ehir-khaliip tuhunan iskaaska" (Vinokurov–Chagylgan), "Chaadai Bas", "Ehir-kaliif tuhunan ostuoruya", "Beegey Murun" (Efreemova–Snegir) replenish the Yakut children's literature and attract the attention of young readers. The article will focus on the completeness and quality of literary translation and the skill of translators who were able to recreate the whole German spirit of these fairy tales in their native language through Russian translation, using all means to achieve the effect of influencing the reader. A comprehensive research method was used: a comparative analysis of Russian and Yakut translations, a linguistic description of translated texts with examples in the Yakut language. The authors come to the conclusion that interest in the literary translation of children's fairy tales is not fading; moreover, time requires updating previously published translations. Also, translators are intermediaries between different cultures, interpreters, masters of the word, comprehending ideological and artistic aesthetics by knowing two languages: the language of the target and the language of the translator.

   The article is about two outstanding representatives of the Armenian people: Mesrop Mashtots, the creator of the alphabet, the founder of Armenian literature in the 5th century, and Khachatur Abovyan, the founder of Armenian literature of Modern times, scholar and poet, who left an indelible mark on the history and national culture of Armenia. The cultural explosion that followed the creation of the Armenian alphabet by Mesrop Mashtots and his associates in 405 remains one of the debated problems in Armenian studies to this day. The missionary, poet and translator Mashtots was canonized for his life's feat.

   Educator and teacher Khachatur Abovyan played a special role in the democratization of education and the transition to the new literary language. He is the author of the novel "Wounds of Armenia", the first work of Armenian literature in Ashkharabar, which laid the foundations of a new type of national school. His work gave impetus to the development of a new literature based on European ideas of enlightenment, the revival of the natural man and the creative people.

   The article examines the creative and scholarly heritage of G. M. Vasilyev (1908 – 1981), a professional translator, researcher of the history of literature and folklore. The directions of his activity are otlined: translations into Russian of texts of contemporary storytellers, journalism, epic works; translations from Russian into Yakut of fiction and academic texts. Considerable attention is paid to Vasilyev's literary and critical works reflecting the ideological situation of the mid-twentieth century. In analytical terms, the works of the scholar devoted to controversial issues in the study of the heritage of the classics of Yakut literature are revealed. The significance of Vasilyev's poetic works is revealed. From a modern perspective, literary and social activities for the preservation of unique manuscripts of an artistic and scholarly nature are highlighted. The methodological basis of the research is the theoretical provisions on the literary process and the history of literature in the works of G. N. Pospelov, V. V. Kozhinov, V. E. Khalizev. The main results of the work are to confirm the interest of modern researchers in the main works of Vasilyev as a source of scholarly knowledge and promising ideas left by an outstanding man who experienced in his creative destiny many twists and turns of the difficult period of the formation of literary science in Yakutia. He found a vivid use for his talent, erudition, and inquisitive mind through the search for ways of scientific self-expression. The article serves as an introductory part to the publication of Vasilyev's work "A. E. Kulakovsky and the alliteration system in Yakut poetry", published in 1965.

   The work reveals the features of Alexei Kulakovsky's poetic style. It is proved that he was a convinced successor of folklore poetics, in particular folklore versification. The author emphasizes that Kulakovsky developed the basic laws of the folk alliterative verse and raised it to the degree of written rules. The justification is his work "The Rules of Yakut versification", which is equated with the first theoretical study. The types and forms of alliteration are analyzed using examples of classical works. As a result, the special strict organization of Kulakovsky's alliteration system is confirmed and a statistical table is given that presents a picture of the functional and semantic integration of the sound and strophic parts/compositions of Kulakovsky's verse.

   Over the past century, the Bashkir system of versification has been based on the syllabic principle. The same principle, to all appearances, was the basis of the folklore song verse. Although the science of Turkic verse was not as intensive as the study of the Russian verse, it was still developing in the Soviet years. Russian verse scholarship set the coordinates which the researchers of Turkic verse systems were guided by. Now we can compare what is described for Bashkir verse and other Turkic systems of versification and discover similarities and differences. The key forms determining the shape of the Bashkir system of versification are two unequal forms of folklore origin, uzun-kyu and kyska-kyu. There are no parallels to the first in the Turkic linguistic and cultural area. The second has its analogues in other Turkic systems of versification.